COMPLETE MANUAL OF THE AUXILIARY LANGUAGE IDO

La kant-ant-o esas yun-in-o,

The person now singing is a young lady.

La disput-ant-i aceptis arbitro,

The contending parties accepted arbitration.

La bat-at-o kriis, ma la bat-ant-o duris sua bat-ado,

The one-who-was-being-beaten cried, but the one-who-was-beating continued his beating.

La regn-at-i expresas granda kontenteso pri la agi di sua regn-ant-i,

The subjects (=those governed) express great satisfaction with the acts of their rulers.

They can also form adverbs of manner by changing -a into -e:

Ni progresas aston-ant-e,

We are progressing astonishingly (wonderfully).

AFFIXES.- -et forms diminutives, marking smallness and changing the idea of the root:

domo,house; dom-eto,cottage.

rivero,river; river-eto,brook.

kantar,to sing; kant-etar,to hum.

ridar,to laugh; rid-etar,to smile.

It also serves to form pet-names:

matro,mother; matr-etomamma.

Johano,John; Johan-eto,Johnny, Jack.

-eg- forms augmentatives (the opposite of diminutives), denoting largeness with a change in the idea of the root:

dom-ego,mansion.

pluvo,rain; pluv-ego,downpour.

arki- denotes pre-eminence:

arki-episkopo,archbishop. arki-anjelo,archangel.

arki-duko,archduke. arki-fripono,arch rogue.

-estr-, head of, chief of:

urb-estro,mayor. nav-estro, ship's master.

polic-estro,chief constable.

The two following affixes should be grouped with the participle -ot- "about to be."

-ind-, worthy to be ...:

estim-inda,estimable. am-inda,lovable.

kred-inda,credible.

-end-, that must be ..., is to be ...:

lekt-enda,that must be read.

me havas nulo skribenda,

I have nothing to write (that must be written).

Thus, a problem to be solved (solvenda) is possibly not about to be solved (solvota) nor even worthy of solution (solvinda).

-es- forms nouns having the sense "state, condition, quality":

san-esar,to be healthy; san-eso,health.

avar-eso,avarice.

bel-eso,beauty.

qual-eso,quality.

konstrukt-eso,(state of) construction.

[compare konstrukto, (act of) construction.]

konvert-eso,conversion (act of being converted).

okup-eso,state of being busy, occupation.

CONVERSATION.

What is your name?

Quale vu nomesas?

I am called John,

Me nomesas Johano.

Where do you come from?

De ube vu venas?

What is your father's name?

Quale nomesas vua patro?

Where were you born?

Ube vu naskis?

I was born in London.

Me naskis en London.

When were you born?

Kande vu naskis?

I was born in 1897.

Me naskis en mil e oka-cent e nona-dek e sep.

Where do you live?

Ube vu habitas?

I live at the sea-side.

Me habitas an la mar-bordo.

Complete Manual - Lesson 9

LESSON IX.

PREPOSITIONS.- Each preposition has a well-defined meaning, and (like all words in the International Language) must be used only when the sense clearly requires it; e.g.:

I bought it of him, becomes: I bought it from him.

Me kompris ol de il.

He cut himself with his knife, becomes: by means of his knife, Il sekis su per sua kultelo.

The preposition ye, however, has no definite meaning, and is only to be used when no other preposition will do:

Ye la duesma (di) marto,

On the 2nd of March.

Il kaptis la kavalo ye la kolo per lazo,

He caught the horse by the neck with a lasso.

Me doloras ye la kapo,

I have head-ache (= I ache at the head).

CONJUNCTIONS.- Conjunctions are followed by whatever mood and tense are logically required:

(a) Se vu esus malada,

If you were (should be) ill.

(b) Se vu esos malada,

If you are (will be) ill.

(c) Imperez, ke il venez,