COMPLETE MANUAL OF THE AUXILIARY LANGUAGE IDO

The author whose book I spoke of (literally, the author concerning the book of whom I spoke).

The pronoun lo, analogously to co, to, quo, refers to an indeterminate object - to a fact rather than a thing:

Prenez ica pomo, me volas lo,

Take this apple, I desire it (= I desire you to do so; me volas ol would mean I desire it (the apple).)

Lo is also used with adjectives to mark the indeterminate sense:

Lo bona, lo vera, lo bela,

The Good, the True, the Beautiful.

AFFIXES.- para-, warding off:

para-suno,parasol. para-vento,wind-screen,.

para-pluvo,umbrella.

par-, completion of action:

par-lektar,to peruse, read through.

par-drinkar,to drink up.

par-kurar,to make the circuit of.

par-lernar,to learn thoroughly.

-esk,dorm-eskar, to fall asleep. irac-eskar, to grow angry.

sid-eskar, to sit down.

With noun roots, -esk means to become, to turn:

vir-eskar, to become a man, reach man's estate.

pal-eskar, to grow pale.

When added to the passive participle of a transitive verb, it has the same sense:

vid-at-eskar, to become visible.

-ad, repetition, frequency:

dansar, to dance; danso, a dance;

dans-ado, dancing.

-ig, with a verbal root, means "to cause to":

dorm-igar, to send to sleep;

with a non-verbal root, it means "to make, cause to be (such and such)":

bel-igar, to beautify.

-iz, to cover , supply, provide with:

arm-izar, to arm (provide with weapons).

limit-izar, to limit (fix a limit to).

adres-izar, to address (write address on).

When necessary, the sense "coat, cover with" may be rendered clearer by prefixing sur (= on):

sur-or-izar, to gild, plate with gold.

-if, to produce, generate, secrete:

flor-ifar, to blossom. sudor-ifar, to perspire.

sang-ifar, to bleed, lose blood.

CONVERSATION.

I want to pack this up,

Me volas pakigar ico.

Give me some brown paper,

Donez a me pak-papero.

I want some string,

Me bezonas kordeto.

Have you any sealing wax?

Kad vu havas siglovaxo?

I can give you some paste,

Me povas donar a vu gluo.

That will do,

To konvenos.

Where is the pastebottle?

Ube esas la botelo de gluo?

Here it is,

Yen olu.

There is no brush in it,

Ne esas pinselo en ol.

Here is the brush,

Yen la pinselo.

Now I want a label,

Nun me deziras etiketo.

A gummed label,

Gumizita etiketo

I haven't a gummed one,

Me ne havas un gumizita.

Will this one do?

Kad ica konvenos?

Yes, thanks,

Yes, danko.

Complete Manual - Lesson 6

LESSON VI.

NUMERALS.- The cardinal numbers are:

un 1

sep 7

du 2

ok 8

tri 3

non 9

quar 4

dek 10

kin 5

cent 100

sis 6

mil 1000milion 1,000,000

bilion 1,000,000,000,000 From these all others are formed, the adjectival -a being used to show multiplication and the conjunction e to show addition. Thus:

dek e un, 11 (ten plus one).

dek e du, 12 (ten plus two).

dek e sis, 16 (ten plus six).

dek e non, 19 (ten plus nine).

dua- dek, 20 (twice ten).

dua- dek- e- un, 21 (twice ten plus one).

tria- dek- e- quar, 34.

quara- dek- e- kin, 45.

kina- dek- e- sis, 56.

cent- e- sepa- dek- e- ok, 178.

mil- e- sisa- dek- e- sis, 1066.

mil- e- nona- cent- e- dua- dek- e- tri, 1923.

As in English, numbers may be given out, e.g., when dictating, by naming the digits only. The name of the digit 0 is zero. The last two numbers given would then be:

un zero sis sis, 1066.

un non du tri, 1923.

Ordinals are formed by the suffix -esm:

unesma, 1st centesma, 100th.