17. Lyell, C. (1863), Geological Evidences of the Antiquity of Man (London: John Murray); Cohen, C. (1998), in D. Blundell and A. Scott (eds.), Lyell: The Past is the Key to the Present (Bath: Geological Society), pp. 83–93.
18. Lyell (1863), p. 201; Richards, R. (2009), in J. Hodge and G. Radick (eds.), The Cambridge Companion to Darwin (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 96–119, p. 106.
19. Материалы в этом и в следующем абзаце из: Darwin (2004), pp. 86, 231, 240.
20. Darwin (2004), p. 87.
21. Эта и последующая цитаты взяты из того же источника, pp. 74, 88–9, 151; Smith (2010).
22. Huxley, T. (1874), Nature 6:362–6; Wallace, A. (1874), Nature 10:502–3; Wetterhan, I. (1874), Nature 6:438; Anger, S. (2009), Victorian Review 35:50–52.
23. Huxley (1874), p. 365.
24. Эта и последующая цитата из: Huxley (1898), pp. 237, 240, 244, 191; also Huxley (1874).
25. Richards (1987), pp. 352, 368.
26. Эта и последующая цитата из: Lloyd Morgan, C. (1900), Animal Behaviour (London: Edward Arnold), pp. 95, 93.
27. McGrath, L. (2014), Journal of the Western Society for French History 42:1–12, p. 1.
28. Maudsley, H. (1872), The Lancet 100:185–9, pp. 186–7.
29. Maudsley, H. (1883), Body and Will (London: Kegan Paul, Trench), pp. 101–2. 30. Hughlings Jackson, J. (1887), Journal of Mental Science 33:25–48, pp. 37–8.
6. Торможение. XIX век
1. Diamond, S., et al. (1963), Inhibition and Choice: A Neurobehavioral Approach to Problems of Plasticity in Behavior (New York: Harper & Row); Smith. R. (1992a), Inhibition: History and Meaning in the Sciences of Mind and Brain (Berkeley: University of California Press).
2. Smith (1992a), pp. 881.
3. Там же, p. 77.
4. Цитата из: Sechenov, I. (1965), Reflexes of the Brain (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), pp. 19, 86.
5. Young (1990), p. 205.
6. Sechenov (1965), p. 89.
7. Maudsley, H. (1867), The Physiology and Pathology of the Mind (New York: Appleton), p. 83.
8. Ferrier (1876), p. 287.
9. James, W. (1890), Principles of Psychology, 2 vols. (New York: Holt), vol. 2, p. 68.
10. Smith (1992a), pp. 132–3.
11. Diamond et al. (1963), p. 41.
12. Smith (1992a), p. 134.
13. McDougall, W. (1905), Physiological Psychology (London: Dent), p. 103.
14. Diamond et al. (1963), pp. 40, 45.
15. Ferrier (1876), p. 18.
16. Anstie, F. (1865), Stimulants and Narcotics, Their Mutual Relations (Philadelphia: Lindsay and Blakiston), pp. 86–7.
17. Smith, R. (1992b), Science in Context 5:237–63.
18. Hughlings Jackson (1887), p. 37.
19. Smith (1992a), p. 154.
20. Lloyd Morgan, C. (1896), An Introduction to Comparative Psychology (New York: Walter Scott), p. 182.
21. Morton, W. (1880), Scientific American Supplement 256:4085–6, p. 4085. О работе Шарко и его коллег, а также о значении нейросифилиса в создании биологической модели психического заболевания см. Ropper, A. and Burrell, B. (2020), How the Brain Lost Its Mind: Sex, Hysteria and the Riddle of Mental Illness (London: Atlantic).
22. Goetz, C., et al. (1995), Charcot: Constructing Neurology (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
23. Heidenhain, R. (1899), Hypnotism or Animal Magnetism: Physiological Observations (London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner), p. 46.
24. Smith (1992a), p. 129.
25. Fletcher, J. (2013), Freud and the Scene of Trauma (New York: Fordham University Press), p. 28.
26. Freud, S. (1963), in P. Rieff (ed.), General Psychological Theory: Papers on Metapsychology (New York: Collier), pp. 116–50, p. 125.
27. Crews, F. (2017), Freud: The Making of an Illusion (London: Profile), p. 448.
28. Как и можно было ожидать, Crews (2017), pp. 435–51 критикует эту работу, а Makari, G. (2008), Revolution in Mind: The Creation of Psychoanalysis (London: Duckworth), pp. 70–74 выражает сочувствие.
29. Todes, D. (2014), Ivan Pavlov: A Russian Life in Science (New York: Oxford University Press).
30. Helmholtz, H. von (1962), Helmholtz’s Treatise on Physiological Optics, vol. 3 (New York: Dover), pp. 3, 4.
31. Там же, pp. 4, 27.
32. Там же, p. 14.
33. Там же, p. 6.