Nature's Evil

patio process 144

smelting 15 , 17 , 19 , 126 , 128 –30, 132 –4, 139 , 143 , 146 , 148 , 155 –6, 207 , 240

tempering 132 , 148 , 154

metals 1 –3, 48 , 228 , 278 , 287

and capital 126 –7, 180 , 203

extraction 18 –19, 125 –34, 138 –40

geography 123 , 127 , 134 , 145 , 162

institutions 31 , 37 , 131 –3, 137 –8, 141 , 151 –5, 158 –9

and knowledge 75 , 135 –7, 147 –51

and miners 130 , 139

and the natives 143 –4, 156 –7

processing 128 –30, 133

see also rare metals

metropole 73 , 87 , 162 , 166 , 170 , 198 , 212

see also mother country

Mexico 68 , 90 , 179 , 221 , 260 , 269 , 299

Meyrick, John 103 , 111

Michelet, Jules 188

middle class 42 , 83 , 115 , 174 , 218 , 221 –3

Middle East 39 , 66 , 96 , 128 , 131 , 248 , 253 , 260 , 263 –4

migration see population

Mikoyan, Anastas 258 –9

Milanović, Branko 283

milk 32 , 35 , 39 , 43 , 74 , 76 , 169 , 207 , 215 , 217

mines 1 –4, 12 , 15 , 19 , 34 , 55 , 64 , 66 –7, 90 , 120 , 125 , 127 –9, 132 –58, 160 , 175 , 177 –8, 180 , 184 , 187 , 191 , 195 , 202 –3, 207 , 218 , 223 –4, 238 –40, 243 –60, 273 , 278 , 296

and miners 79 , 132 , 136 , 139 –40, 142 , 147 –8, 150 , 153 –4, 158 , 165 , 206 –7, 244 –51, 258

Minin, Kuzma 51

Mintz, Sydney 69 , 73

Mirabeau, Jean-Antoine 215

Mirabeau, Victor 216

Mirkin, Yakov 180

mita 143 , 157

Mitchell, Timothy 247 –8

Mitchell thesis 247

Mitchell thesis reversal 278

modernity 35 , 69 –70, 148 , 234 , 237 , 263 , 283

cult of speed 263 , 267

molasses 45 , 67 , 71

Moluccas 138

money 1 –2, 60 , 83 , 127 , 145 , 152 , 168 , 177 , 189 , 265 , 274

mono-resources as money 58 , 145 , 177 , 185 , 190 , 251

paper money 65 , 134 , 136 , 145 , 189 –91

mono-resource 3 –4, 64 , 110 , 133 , 145 , 176 –7, 244

monopoly 63 , 66 , 139 –42, 144 , 176 –8, 253 , 262 –4, 283 –4

and addiction 63 –4, 77 –8, 269

and geography 63 , 88 , 91 –2, 98 –104, 200 –3, 251

and knowledge 115 , 200 –3

and prices 47 , 73 , 272

and the state 51 , 53 –6, 60 –1, 65 , 77 , 104 –5, 107 , 109 , 133 , 135 , 229 , 249 , 294

monotheism 131 , 142 , 148

Montesquieu, Charles-Louis 72 , 175 , 195

moral economy 30 , 82 –3, 102 , 124

moral philosophy 176 , 200 , 283

More, Thomas 110

Morris, Ian 14

mother country 28 , 166 , 185 , 197 –8, 213 , 145

vs. daughter colonies 166

mulberry 87 –92

Mulovsky, Grigory 55

Multatuli (Eduard Douwes Dekker) 84

Munster plantation 212

Murphy, Antoin E. 193

Muscovy 32 , 28 , 50 –1, 97 , 99 , 101 , 141 , 234

Napoleon 52 , 59 , 66 , 75 , 96 , 104 –6, 160 , 191 , 213

Native Americans 146

Natura naturans/Natura naturata /Natura vastata 167

natural gas 3 , 61 , 181 , 226 , 246 –54, 262 –3, 268 –4, 280 –6, 292

liquefaction 253 –4

natural magic 136 , 147 , 150

natural resources

diffused resources 2 , 18 , 23 , 91 , 110 , 118 , 152 , 156 , 202 , 233 , 275 , 278 , 280 , 295

etymology 2

geography, 19 , 24 , 54

resource curse 134 , 158 , 264 –7, 274 , 285

resource-dependent countries 6 , 48 , 54 , 229 , 285 –6, 294

topical resources 2 , 18 , 23 , 29 , 118 , 126 , 177 –8, 243 , 278 , 280 , 295

see also commodities

Navigation Acts 45 , 65 , 72 , 76 , 185 , 198 –9

Neanderthals 13 –14

neoliberalism 5 , 248 –9, 265 –6, 271 –3, 283

Netherlands 28 , 35 , 190 , 233 –4, 274

Neva river 31 , 47 , 192

New Harmony community 120

New Lanark 120

New Orleans 190 –1, 236 , 292

Newcastle 238 , 247

Newcomen, Thomas 213 , 223 , 239

Newfoundland 25 , 44 –5, 51

newspapers 74 , 83 , 189 –91, 242

Nigeria 267 , 296 , 276

Nobel, Alfred 259

Nobel, Robert 256

noble savage 169

nomads 21 –2, 128

Nordhaus, William 289 , 299

Norfolk Broads 234

North Sea 17 , 24 , 82 , 141 , 146 , 234 , 243 , 149 , 261 , 274

northern route to China 97 , 101

Norway 17 , 182 , 206 , 262 , 272 , 274 –5

nostalgia 20 , 191

Novalis 154

novels 6 , 7 , 33 , 84 , 183 –5, 188 , 193 –6, 201 , 217 , 221 , 284 , 301 –2

Novgorod 46 –8, 99 , 102 , 123 , 141 , 156 , 208

nuclear energy 12 , 260

oak 16 –17, 19 , 89 –90, 93 , 95 , 105 , 153 , 256

oats 25 , 32 , 71 , 233

obsidian 14 , 46

Oder river 154 , 235

oil 1 –7, 9 , 15

conventional oil 263 , 274

and gender 267 –8

geography 246 , 254 –60

institutions 253 –4, 263 –6, 274 –8

natural history 231 , 250 –4, 297

oil curse 264 –7, 274 –8

oil prices 161 –2, 179 –82, 267 , 270 –4

peak oil 5 , 273

politics of 38 , 261 –2, 248 , 274 , 280 –1

processing 251 , 253 –6

and religion 269 –70

shale oil 253 , 274 , 278

and stolen goods 284

vs. coal 247 –9, 251 –2

oil corporations/companies, 260

Branobel 256 –9

Shell 258 –9, 263

Standard Oil Company 255

Total 258

Yukos 263

oilmen 249 , 251 , 254 , 256 , 261 , 283

Old Belief 32 , 157 , 160

oligarchs, oiligarchs 252 , 262 , 268 , 282 , 296 , 301

Olonets (northern Russia) 55 , 156 –7

Omsk (Siberia) 181

OPEC 178 , 253 , 264 , 271 –2

open cast mining 244

opium 43 , 53 , 57 , 60 , 62 –3, 71 , 76 –82, 177 , 293

Oprichnina 97 –101, 298

optimism 163 , 195 , 219 , 226

Orientalism 42 , 81 , 171

Ottoman Empire 17 , 216

Owen, Robert 120

Paine, Thomas 218

Palmerston, Henry 80

and extraction 206 –8

pandemic see epidemic

Panopticon 113 , 176

paper 54 , 56 , 83 , 118 , 134 , 137 , 141 , 157 , 180 –1, 189 –90, 193 , 218 , 292 , 299