66. De Saussure, R. (1949), Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 4:431–49, p. 432.
67. Thomson (1996), p. x; Vartanian (1960), p. 116.
68. Riskin (2016), p. 156.
69. Morange, M. (2016), Une Histoire de la biologie (Paris: Seuil), p. 101.
70. Braudy, L. (1970), Eighteenth-Century Studies 4:21–40.
71. Riskin (2016), pp. 116–22.
72. Colliber, S. (1734), Free Thoughts Concerning Souls (London: Robinson), p. 8.
73. Priestley, J. (1777), Disquisitions Relating to Matter and Spirit (London: Johnson), p. 27.
74. Priestley, J. (1778), A Free Discussion of the Doctrines of Materialism, and Philosophical Necessity (London: Johnson, Cadell), p. 61.
75. Priestley (1777), p. 27.
76. Brown, T. (1974), Journal of the History of Biology 7:179–216.
77. Fearing (1970), p. 94.
3. Электричество. XVIII–XIX века
1. Shelley, M. (2003), Frankenstein (London: Penguin), pp. 6–7.
2. Holmes, R. (2008), The Age of Wonder: How the Romantic Generation Discovered the Beauty and Terror of Science (London: Harper).
3. Fara, P. (2002), An Entertainment for Angels (London: Icon).
4. Эвальд Георг фон Клейст изобрел подобное устройство годом ранее в Померании – Torlais, J. (1963), Revue d’histoire des sciences et de leurs applications 16:211–19.
5. Priestley, J. (1769), The History and Present State of Electricity, with Original Experiments (London: Dodsley, Johnson, Payne, Cadell), p. 98.
6. Bertucci, P. (2007), in H. Whitaker, et al. (eds.), Brain, Mind and Medicine: Neuroscience in the 18th Century (New York: Springer), pp. 271–83.
7. Beccaria, G. (1776), A Treatise Upon Artificial Electricity (London: Nourse), p. 270.
8. Haller, A. von (1762), Memoires sur les parties sensibles et irritables du corps animal, tome troisieme (Lausanne: Grasset); Kaplan, P. (2002),Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 95:577–8, p. 577.
9. Priestley (1769), p. 622.
10. Hartley (1749), part 1, p. 88.
11. Bonnet, C. (1755), Essai de psychologie; ou considerations sur les operations de l’ame, sur l’habitude et sur l’education (London: n.p.), p. 268.
12. Bonnet, C. (1760), Essai analytique sur les facultes de l’ame (Copenhagen: Philibert), pp. 21–2.
13. Home, R. (1970), Journal of the History of Biology 3:235–51.
14. K oehler, P., et al. (2009), Journal of the History of Biology 42:715–63.
15. Material from: Piccolino, M. (2007), in H. Whitaker, et al. (eds.), Brain, Mind and Medicine: Neuroscience in the 18th Century (New York: Springer), pp. 125–43; Finger, S. (2013), Progress in Brain Research 205:3–17.
16. Home (1970), p. 250.
17. Bertholon, P. (1780), De l’electricite du corps humain dans l’etat de sante et de maladie (Paris: Didot), pp. 70, 94. 18.
18. Galvani, L. (1953), Commentary on the Effect of Electricity on Muscular Motion (Cambridge, MA: Elizabeth Licht); Bresadola, M. (2003), in F. Holmes, et al. (eds.), Reworking the Bench: Research Notebooks in the History of Science (Dordrecht: Kluwer), pp. 67–92.
19. Galvani (1953), p. 46.
20. Там же, p. 97.
21. Там же, pp. 60, 66, 67.
22. Там же, p. 72.
23. Материалы этого абзаца взяты из: Valli, E. (1793), Experiments on Animal Electricity, with Their Application to Physiology (London: Johnson), pp. 5, 241–2
24. Fowler, R. (1793), Experiments and Observations Relative to the Influence Lately Discovered by M. Galvani, and Commonly Called Animal Electricity (Edinburgh: Duncan, Hill, Robertson & Berry, add Mudie).
25. Volta, A. (1816), Collezione dell’opere del cavaliere Conte Alessandro Volta, vol. 2, part I (Florence: Piatti), p. 111.