Step by Step in Esperanto

PARTICIPLES, ACTIVE (past, present, future): INT, ANT, ONT. Adjectival forms: Aminta, having loved; amanta, loving; amonta, about to love.

PARTICIPLES, PASSIVE (past, present, future): IT, AT, OT. Adjectival forms: Amita (having been) loved; amata, being loved; amota, about to be loved.

PARTICIPAL NOUNS AND ADVERBS: amanto, one who is loving; amato, one who is loved; amante, while loving; amate, while loved.

Prefixes

Bo = in law

Ĉef = chief, main

Dis = separation

Ek = momentary, sudden

Eks = ex‑, former

Fi = shamefulness

For = away

Fuŝ = bunglingly

Ge = of both sexes

Mal = opposite

Mem = self- (emphatic)

Mis = mis, amiss

Ne = negative

Pra = remote (time)

Re = re‑, back, again

Sin = self- (reflexive)

Ve = of woe

Vic = vice-

Vir = male

Suffixes

Aĉ = disparagement

Ad = (a) action; (b) continuation

Aĵ = thing (concrete idea)

An = (a) member; (b) partisan; (c) inhabitant

Ar = collection

Ĉj = pet-name (masc.)

Ebl = possibility

Ec = quality, abstract idea

Edz = husband

Eg = augmentative

Ej = place

Em = propensity

End = to be (which must be) ‑ed

Er = item, unit

Estr = leader, ruler

Et = diminutive

Foj = time (repetition)

Id = oflspring, young

Ig = make

Iĝ = become

Il = instrument, means

In = feminine

Ind = worthiness

Ing = holder, socket

Ism = “ism,” theory, system

Ist = habitual occupation

Nj = pet-name (feminine)

Obl = multiple

On = fraction

Op = collective

Uj = (a) container; (b) land

Ul = person

Um = indefinite relation

Table of Correlatives (707)

«Indekso»

(Cifero rilatas al la samnumera paragrafo)

‑a,126, 129, 186, 190

A, an, 6

Absolute construction, 1135

Accent, 4, 236

Accusative: ajn, 342; an, 332; in, 295; ojn, 327, 342; on, 306, 324; un, 304, 340; ujn, 415. Of direction, 442. Replaces preposition, 350, 442. 819–829. Utility, 296*, 845, 944b, 586, 1051, 1071. When not to use, 347. (See “Object”, “Omission of verb”).

Active participles, 1081

‑aĉ,1143, 1146, 1149

‑ado,896; ‑adi,899

Adiaŭ,42

Adjectives: See “‑a”, “Agreement”, “Correlatives, ‑a, ‑u”. Adverbial form, 965. Position of, 127

Adverbial expressions, 528–529; —form of adj., 965; —participles, 961, 1126

Adverbs, derived, 522; From prepositions, 542; Primary, 522

Advice to teacher; —to learner

Affixes, 31. Elasticity, 985, 989c. Technical, 1193–1197. List.

Age, 701

Ago, 433

Agreement (adj.-noun). 236, 255, 332, 340, 343

AJ,144

Ajn,709

‑aĵ,915, 922*, 926

Al,121, 342*, 390, 594, iros

Alia,177, 552; aliaj,245

All,304, 235, 277, 408, 414, 419

Almenaŭ,806

Alphabet, 743. See each letter, also “Letters”, “Vowels”.

Ambaŭ,52, 533

‑an,883, 993, 994

Anecdotes

Ankaŭ,42

Ankoraŭ,785, 793–794, 804

Anstataŭ,927, 1048, 1051

Answers

‑anta,452, 846b; ‑anto,453, 457, 1072

Antaŭ,427; 433; Antaŭ ol,1046, 1048

Any (whatever),711; (=some), 382

Apenaŭ,807

Apostrophe. See “Elision”.

Apposition, 50, 1071

Apud, 93

‑ar,673

Articles: A, an, 6; the, 17

‑as,78, 124, 197, 1063

As,170, 558, 586

Ask, 945

At. See apud, al, ĉe, en, je, po, pri

‑ata,1097; ‑ato,1091

Atend, atent,98

AŬ,41

Aŭ,42; Aŭ … aŭ,868

Baldaŭ,778

Bedaŭrinde,102

Bo-,1170

Bonan tagon,44, 356

But, 80, 928a

By. See apud, de, per, preter

C,509

Can, 487

Ci,521

Colours, 127, 604

Combination of suffixes, 138

Commas, 280, 305, 325, 577, 1127

Comparatives. See “pli”.

Compound tenses, 1109. Overused, 1124

Compound words, 63, 191–192, 356*.

Conditional mood. See “‑us”

Conjunctions, Correlative, 868, 880