Mao: The Unknown Story

15 Loan: Zazerskaya 1997, p. 175, n. 40; Yang Kuisong 1997, p. 621. Soviet spheres of influence: DDWX, 1996, no. 2, pp. 54–5; CWB nos. 6–7, p. 165 (Mao to Yudin, 31 Mar. 1956); cf. Ganshin & Zazerskaya, pp. 63ff. “colonies”: Schram 1974, p. 101 (Mao, 10 Mar. 1958); Sino — Russian Relations Studies Society, p. 249. “grabbed half”: Burr 1999a, p. 91 (Mao to Kissinger, 17–18 Feb. 1973). Gave Russia monopoly: Chou cable to Politburo, 8 Feb. 1950, in Jin Chongji et al. 1998, pp. 37–8; Wingrove 1995, pp. 327ff; Kapitsa interview. “Of all the foreign”: quoted by Foreign Minister Qian Qichen, Foreign Ministry 1990ff, vol. 5, p. 11. Carefully erased: 14 Feb. 1950 cable, Mao 1987–98, vol. 1, pp. 262–3.

16 Liu 1996, vol. 2, p. 246.

17 At Stalin’s insistence, secretly introduced: Arkhipov interview; cf. Wingrove 1995, p. 330; Shi Zhe 1991, pp. 415, 446 (E: Shi 1993, p. 86). “We do hope”: Shi Zhe 1991, p. 463; Zhu Zhongli 1995, pp. 190–1. Flabbergasted guests: interview with Markus Wolf, who was present, 18 Nov. 1999; Wolf, pp. 42–3. Stalin’s toast: Fedorenko 1989, p. 148; id. 1995, p. 89; Kapitsa interview; Shi Zhe 1991, p. 465. Mao on Stalin at photo: Ye Zilong, p. 183; Shi Zhe 1991, p. 462.

CHAPTER 34 Why Mao and Stalin Started the Korean War

1 Supervise Vietnam: cf. Pei Jianzhang, p. 18.

2 –351 plan to send in Chinese troops: Zhai, pp. 13–25. Ho to Moscow: Luo Guibo, pp. 233–6; Liu 1996, vol. 2, p. 241; Zhang Guanghua, in BNC, 2000, no. 4, p. 12; Westad 2003, pp. 316–18; Heinzig, pp. 302–6. Mao told Yudin: Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, “Chronology,” p. 45. Liu to French: Figuères interview, 13 Oct. 1998; Figuères’ letter to authors, 11 May 1999. Mao-style land reform: Tin, pp. 14ff, 28ff; Boudarel.

3 Doggerel: To Huu, “October Song,” Daily Telegraph, 19 Dec. 2002. Kim in Moscow 1949: Torkunov, pp. 12–13; CWB, no. 5, pp. 4–6 (Stalin — Kim, 5 Mar.); Weathersby, p. 4 (Stalin — Kim, 7 Mar.); Mansourov 1997, pp. 97–102. Mao commitment: APRF, 3/65/9, pp. 51–5 (Shtykov to Vyshinsky, 15 May 1949), APRF, 45/1/331, pp. 59–61 (Kovalev to Stalin, 18 May 1949); extracts in Torkunov, pp. 61–5; Shen Zhihua, p. 211.

4 Push by Kim: CWB, no. 5, p. 8; Torkunov, pp. 51–3. 30 Jan. Stalin: CWB, no. 5, p. 9.

5 “Asian affairs beautifully”: DPRK Report, no. 23 (2000); Torkunov, pp. 58–9; Weathersby, pp. 8–15. Stalin’s schemes: CWB, nos. 6–7, p. 116 (Stalin to Mao in Stalin to Kim, 7[8] Oct. 1950); cf. Beria 2001, pp. 230–2. 1 July 1950: Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, “Chronology,” p. 35.

6 interview, 27 Dec. 1995. Raphaël-Leygues, p. 118 (Sainteny); US Senate, p. 70 (Barr).

7 19 Aug.: ibid., pp. 45, 47 (28 Aug.). 1 Mar. 1951: Mao 1987–98, vol. 2, p. 153. Stalin — Malik: Rusk, p. 141; Schoenbaum, pp. 208ff; telephone interview with Rusk, 17 Feb. 1992.

8 –355 Ordered Kim: Torkunov, p. 56 (Stalin to Shtykov, 2 Feb. 1950). “I shall not lift a finger”: Goncharov et al., p. 145 (citing Kapitsa); cf. Kapitsa 1996, pp. 215ff; Weathersby, pp. 9–11 (summarizes Stalin’s shift to Kim, spring 1950). 13 May: Shen Zhihua, pp. 218–19. Next morning: CWB, no. 4, p. 61. 15 May: Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, “Chronology,” pp. 30–1. 16th: Mansourov, pp. 322–3 (Stalin to Roshchin, 16 May 1950); cf. Torkunov, p. 70.

9 –356 SOS: CWB nos. 6–7, p. 112. “I am far”: CWB nos. 6–7, p. 114. “Stand by”: Mao 1987–98, vol. 1, p. 538 (E: Zhang & Chen, p. 161). Only now Politburo: Shen Zhihua, p. 251. Politburo discussion: Mao to Stalin, 2 Oct. 1950, Mao 1987–98, vol. 1, pp. 539–40; Lei Yingfu, pp. 156–8; Zhang 1993, pp. 6–15.

10 Two different cables, 2 Oct.: Mao 1987–98, vol. 1, pp. 539–41; Mansourov 1995–6, pp. 100, 106–7, 114–15; Shen 1996–7, pp. 237–8.

11 Chou — Indian ambassador: Zhang & Chen, pp. 163–4 (Chinese minutes); Panikkar, p. 110.