of one cosmos within the other, that is, of a lower cosmos in a higher, of a smaller
cosmos in a greater, such as, for instance, the existence of man in organic life or in
relation to organic life. In this case organic life must inevitably be taken in time.
Existence in time is an extension along the fourth dimension.
"Neither can the earth be regarded as a three-dimensional body. It would be threedimensional if it were stationary. Its motion around its axis makes man a fivedimensional being, whereas its motion around the sun makes the earth itself fourdimensional. The earth is not a sphere but a spiral encircling the sun, and the sun is not a sphere but a kind of spindle inside this spiral. The spiral and the spindle, taken
together, must have a lateral motion in the next cosmos, but what results from this
motion we cannot know, for we know neither the nature nor the direction of the
motion.
"Further, seven cosmoses represent a 'period of dimensions,' but this does not mean
that the chain of cosmoses comes to an end with the Microcosmos. If man is a
Microcosmos, that is, a cosmos in himself, then the microscopic cells composing his
body will stand towards him in about the same relation as he himself stands to organic
life on earth. A microscopic cell which is on the boundary line of microscopic vision
is com-
posed of milliards of molecules comprising the next step, the next cosmos. Going still
further, we can say that the next cosmos will be the electron. Thus we have obtained a
second Microcosmos—the cell; a third Microcosmos—the molecule; and a fourth
Microcosmos—the electron. These divisions and definitions, namely 'cells,'
'molecules,' and 'electrons,' are possibly very imperfect; it may be that with time
science will establish others, but the principle will remain always the same and lower
cosmoses will always be in precisely such relation to the Microcosmos."
It is difficult to reconstruct all the conversations which we had at that time about
cosmoses.
I returned particularly often to G.'s words about the difference of time in different
cosmoses. I felt that here was a riddle which I could and must solve.
Finally having decided to try to put together everything I thought on the subject, I
took man as the Microcosmos. The next cosmos in relation to man I took as "organic
life on earth," which I called "Tritocosmos" although I did not understand this name, because I would have been unable to answer the question why organic life on earth
was the "third" cosmos. But the name is immaterial. After that everything was in accordance with G.'s system. Below man, that is, as the next smaller cosmos, was the
"cell." Not any cell and not a cell under any conditions, but a fairly large cell, such as for instance the embryo-cell of the human organism. As the next cosmos one could
take a small,
world, that is, the idea of two microscopic individuals differing one from the other as
much as does "man" from a "large cell," is perfectly clear in bacteriology.
The next cosmos was the molecule, and the next the electron. Neither "molecule"
nor "electron" appeared to me to be very sound or reliable definitions, but for the lack of others these could be taken.
Such a succession undoubtedly introduced or maintained a complete
incommensurability between the cosmoses, that is, it preserved the ratio of zero to
infinity. And later this system made possible many very interesting constructions.
The idea of cosmoses received a further development only a year after we heard it
for the first time, that is, in the spring of 1917, when I succeeded for the first time in constructing a "table of time in different cosmoses." But I will speak of this table further on. I will only add that G. never explained, as he promised, the names of the
cosmoses and the origin of these names.
"I AM often asked questions in connection with various texts, parables,
and so on, from the Gospels," said G., on one occasion. "In my opinion the time has not yet come for us to speak about the Gospels. This requires much more
knowledge. But from time to time we will take certain Gospel texts as points of
departure for our discussions. This will teach you to treat them in the right way, and,
above all, to realize that in the texts known to us the most essential points are usually missing.
"To begin with, let us take the well-known text about the seed which must die in
order to be born. 'Except a corn of wheat fall into the ground and die, it abideth alone; but, if it die, it bringeth forth much fruit.'
"This text has many different meanings and we shall often return to it. But first of all it is necessary to know the principle contained in this text in its full measure as
applied to man.
"There is a book of aphorisms which has never been published and probably never
will be published. I have mentioned this book before in connection with the question