Tolstoy

81. See T. L. Motyleva, Khudozhestvennye proizvedeniya L. N. Tolstogo v perevodakh na inostrannye yazyki: otdel’nye zarubezhnye izdaniya: bibliografiia, Moscow, 1961.

82. Letopis’ 1, 595.

83. Gusev 4, 385.

84. Letopis’ 1, 597.

85. JE 63, 338.

86. JE 63, 334.

87. See Andrew Donskov, L. N. Tolstoi i T. M. Bondarev: perepiska, Munich, 1996.

88. JE 25, 386. In 1958, the village of Iyudino, where Bondarev was exiled, was renamed Bondarevo, and a statue of him was erected in 2005. In 2008, the regional capital of Abakan hosted a conference entitled ‘Lev Tolstoy and the Siberian peasant philosopher and lover of truth Timofey Bondarev’.

89. A. S. Skorokhodova, ‘“Russkii” religioznyi pozitivist V. Frei’, Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya, 9 (1997), 93–98.

90. S. A. Tolstaya, Povarennaya kniga S. A. Tolstoi, Tula, 1991, 45.

91. Tolstaya, Povarennaya kniga, 51.

92. Letopis’ 1, 699.

93. Letopis’ 1, 615.

94. Zhdanov, Lyubov’ v zhizn Tolstogo, 258.

95. Zhdanov, Lyubov’ v zhizn Tolstogo, 260.

96. Tolstaya, Pis’ma, 376.

97. JE 83, 576.

98. JE 85, 392–396; N. N. Gusev, Letopis’ zhizni i tvorchestva L’va Nikolaevicha Tolstogo, 1891–1910 [Letopis’ 2], Moscow, 1960, 91.

99. L. D. Opul’skaya, Materialy k biografii L. N. Tolstogo, 1886–1892, Moscow, 1979 [Opul’skaya 1], 91.

100. S. A. Tolstaya, Dnevniki v dvukh tomakh, ed. V. E. Vatsuro et al., 2 vols, Moscow, 1978, vol. 1, 115.

101. Opul’skaya 1, 110; Letopis’ 2, 713.

102. Opul’skaya 1, 27–28.

103. Opul’skaya 1, 62–63.

104. Letopis’ 2, 659–661.

105. Opul’skaya 1, 117.

106. S. L. Tolstoi, ‘Muzykal’nye proizvedeniya, lyubimye L. N. Tolstym (po vospominaniyam S. L. Tolstogo)’, Tolstovskii ezhegodnik, St Petersburg, 1913, 161–162.

107. Tolstaya, Dnevniki, vol. 1, 121; Opul’skaya 1, 120–121.

108. Opul’skaya 1, 131–132.

109. Opul’skaya 1, 123.

110. Fodor, A Quest for a Non-Violent Russia, 57–58.

111. Nikitina, Sof ’ya Tolstaya, 176.

112. A. N. Wilson (Tolstoy, London, 1988, 375) seems to confuse the religious principles of the Shakers with the ideas put forward by Stockham, who did not advocate complete celibacy, or that men and women should live platonically.

113. JE 63, 202.

114. JE 86, 188.

115. JE 63, 312.

116. See William Nickell, ‘The Twain Shall Be of One Mind: Tolstoy in “Leag” with Eliza Burnz and Henry Parkhurst’, Tolstoy Studies Journal, 6 (1993), 130.

117. ‘Stockham on the Ethics of Marriage’, American Naturalist, 30, 355 (1896), 569–570.

118. Opul’skaya 1, 175.

119. Opul’skaya 1, 173.

120. Opul’skaya 1, 182.

121. R. Bartlett, ed., Chekhov: A Life in Letters, tr. R. Bartlett and A. Phillips, London, 2004, 197–198.

122. Chekhov, Polnoe sobranie sochinenii i pisem, Pis’ma, vol. 4, 270.

123. See Fodor, A Quest for a Non-Violent Russia, 42.

124. See Tolstaya, Dnevniki, vol. 1, 168–179 for Sonya’s detailed account of her visit.

125. Opul’skaya 1, 229.

126. Letopis’ 2, 51.

127. Opul’skaya 1, 231.

128. Letopis’ 2, 42.

129. Opul’skaya 1, 229.

130. William Stead, The Truth About Russia, London, 1888, 453.

131. www.attackingthedevil.co.uk/bio.php

132. Ewa M. Thompson, Understanding Russia; The Holy Fool in Russian Culture, Lanham, Md, 1987, 136–139.

133. See E. D. Meleshko, Khristianskaya etika L. N. Tolstogo, Moscow, 2006, 226–229.

134. Opul’skaya 1, 172.

135. Opul’skaya 1, 204.

136. Thompson, Understanding Russia, 127.

137. JE 85, 270.

138. JE 25, 717.

139. Opul’skaya 1, 238.

140. See Ronald D. LeBlanc, ‘Tolstoy’s Way of No Flesh: Abstinence, Vegetarianism, and Christian Physiology’, Food in Russian History and Culture, ed. Musya Glants and Joyce Toomre, Bloomington, 1997, 87.

141. Tolstoy, ‘The First Step’, Essays and Letters, tr. Aylmer Maude, New York, 1909, pp. 82–91.

142. See, for example, Eric Schlosser, Fast Food Nation (New York, 2001) and Jonathan Safran Foer, Eating Animals (New York, 2009).

143. Letter to Georgy Chekhov, December 1890, in Bartlett, Chekhov: A Life in Letters, 257.

144. Letter to Evgraf Egorov, 11 December 1891, in Bartlett, Chekhov: A Life in Letters, 289.

145. Letopis’ 2, 34.

146. Tolstaya, ‘Moya zhizn’’, Novy mir, 80; Opul’skaya 1, 256.