The Hero with a Thousand Faces

The book went through many revisions between the first draft in 1944, when it was known as How to Read a Myth, and its publication by the Bollingen Foundation in 1949. A letter in the Opus Archives written to Campbell’s friend Henry Morton Robinson dated March 13, 1946, indicates that he had originally planned to cite fewer sources by relying heavily on the thirteen-volume set The Mythology of All Races, published between 1916 and 1932 under the editorship of Louis Gray and John McCulloch. Unfortunately, the Macmillan Company had bought the republication rights to the set, and they refused to give him permission to make quotations while they considered putting out a new edition, forcing Campbell to track down new sources to illustrate his arguments.

The list comprises all of the citations in this third edition of Hero, except for a few minor ones. It includes those works from which a significant quotation is drawn, works that are cited more than once, and works that had a major effect on his thinking. Secondary citations (where Campbell cites a source “as quoted in” another work) were not included, although the works in which Campbell found them are included. When the second edition was published in 1968, Campbell made most of his citations from the writings of C.G. Jung as they appeared in The Collected Works of C.G. Jung, while he took his citations from Freud’s writings from The Standard Edition of the Collected Works of Sigmund Freud.

The list is in four sections. The first includes those works cited by Campbell for which a particular edition is identified. Except as noted, these have been verified either from library catalogs or from books in Joseph Campbell’s personal book collection, preserved at the Opus Archives.

The second section lists journal articles cited within the book. Most of these have not been verified.

Because of the difficulty in alphabetizing canonical works, these form the third section, arranged by religious tradition. This section contains works of religious scripture cited by Campbell. The works have been further broken down by faith or tradition. Since Campbell used sources available half a century ago, I have indicated the mod-ern forms of the titles used in the Collected Works of Joseph Campbell, as well, when those vary, as those used by the Library of Congress, and noted when reprints or more recent translations are available.

With well-known literary works and religious canon, Campbell sometimes cited the work without giving an edition. I have listed these separately in the fourth section. My comments appear in brackets with the initials R.B.

— Richard Buchen, Special Collections Librarian, Joseph Campbell Collection of the Opus Archives and Research Center on the campuses of Pacifica Graduate Institute, Santa Barbara, CaliforniaMain Bibliographic List

Anderson, Johannes C. Maori Life in Ao-Tea. Christchurch, [N.Z.]: n.d.

Apuleius. The Golden Ass of Apuleius. Translated by W. Adlington. New York: The Modern Library, n.d.

Aristotle. Aristotle on the Art of Poetry. Translated by Ingram Bywater, with a Preface by Gilbert Murray. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1920.

Arnold, Thomas Walker, and Alfred Guillaume, eds. The Legacy of Islam. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1931.

Bain, F. W. A Digit of the Moon and Other Love Stories from the Hindoo. New York and London: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1910.

Bastian, Adolf. Ethnische Elementargedanken in der Lehre vom Menschen. Berlin: Weidmann, 1895.

Bédier, Joseph. Les légendes épiques: Recherches sur la formation des chansons de geste. 3rd ed. Paris: H. Champion, 1926.

Bellows, Henry Adams, ed. The Poetic Edda, Scandinavian Classics, 21/22. New York: The American-Scandinavian Foundation, 1923.

Bhagavad Gītā: Bhagavad Gita: Translated from the Sanskrit with Notes, Comments, and Introduction by Swami Nikhilananda. New York: Ramakrishna-Vivekananda Center, 1944.

Boas, Franz. The Mind of Primitive Man. New York: Macmillan, 1911.

——— . Race, Language and Culture. New York: Macmillan, 1940.

Book of the Dead: See Budge, E.A. Wallis, The Papyrus of Ani.