Stalin: A Biography

Congresses: Sixth Party (1917), ref1; Eighth Party (1919), ref2; Tenth Party (1921), ref3, ref4, ref5; Eleventh Party (1922), ref6, ref7; Twelfth Party (1923), ref8; Thirteenth Party (1924), ref9; Fourteenth Party (1925), ref10, ref11; Fifteenth Party (1927), ref12; Sixteenth Party (1930), ref13; Seventeenth Party (1934), ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17; Eighteenth Party (1939), ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22; Nineteenth Party (1952), ref23, ref24; Twentieth Party (1956), ref25; Twenty-Second Party (1961), ref26

Book of Delicious and Healthy Food, The

Borotbists

Brdzola (Marxist newspaper)

Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of (1918),

Brezhnev, Leonid,

Britain: calls for negotiations in 1920 Soviet war with Poland, ref1; Politburo perceives as threat, ref2; severs relations with USSR (1927), ref3, ref4; neutrality in Spanish Civil War, ref5; pre-war coolness towards USSR, ref6; and German invasion threat (1940), ref7, ref8; withstands Germany, ref9; Stalin’s post-war view of, ref10, ref11; abandons treaty with Sovnarkom (1921), ref12; post-war decline, ref13; reluctance to fight war with USSR, ref14

Brooke, General Alan (later Viscount Alanbrooke)

Brusilov, General Alexei,

Bryukhanov, N.P.

Bubnov, Andrei

Budënny, Semën,

Bukharin, Nikolai: character, ref1; as thinker, ref2; status and fame, ref3; opposes gratuitous violence, ref4; in Civil War, ref5; and control of Cheka, ref6; considers forming government without Lenin, ref7; attempts conciliation in trade union crisis, ref8; health problems, ref9; and Lenin’s request for poison, ref10; and national question, ref11; in Lenin’s Testament, ref12; Zinoviev meets, ref13; appointed to Orgburo, ref14; at Lenin’s funeral, ref15; attacks Stalin, ref16, ref17; peasant policy, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21; promoted to Politburo, ref22; supports Stalin against Zinoviev and Kamenev, ref23, ref24; supports NEP, ref25, ref26, ref27, ref28; writes on Leninism, ref29; hostility to Trotski, ref30; Stalin complains about, ref31; defeats United Opposition, ref32, ref33; economic reforms, ref34; relations with Stalin, ref35; and Stalin’s international policy, ref36; and elimination of market in economy, ref37; Stalin accuses of Right Deviation, ref38, ref39; ejected from Politburo, ref40; in opposition, ref41; Stalin sees as threat, ref42, ref43; ejected from Comintern Executive Committee, ref44; pleads for reconciliation with Stalin, ref45; and culture, ref46; hopes of return to power, ref47; contributes to new Constitution (1935–6), ref48; hopes for leadership changes, ref49; campaign against, ref50, ref51, ref52, ref53; tried and sentenced, ref54, ref55, ref56; and worldwide socialist revolution, ref57; on Hitler as threat, ref58; final pleas to Stalin, ref59; ‘Notes of an Economist’, ref60

Bulgakov, Mikhail: decline and death, ref1; The Days of the Turbins, ref2; The Master and Margarita, ref3

Bulganin, Marshal Nikolai: and women, ref1; membership of Politburo, ref2; beard, ref3; Stalin suspects of conspiracy, ref4; in Presidium, ref5; fears Stalin’s disfavour, ref6; Stalin entertains, ref7; and Stalin’s stroke, ref8

Bulgaria: Soviet demands on, ref1; in eastern bloc, ref2; monarchy removed, ref3; communist dominance in, ref4

Bulletin of the Opposition (Trotski’s),

Catherine II (the Great), Empress of Russia

Caucasian Bureau

Caucasus: ethnic and national problems in, ref1; grain shortages, ref2; famine, ref3, ref4

Central Committee: Stalin elected to,; expanded, ref3; Zinoviev seeks to return to, ref4; and Lenin’s revolutionary demands, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8; pre-October revolution meetings, ref9; reluctance to negotiate separate peace in First World War, ref10; Lenin seeks control of, ref11; disagreements in, ref12; reorganisation and composition, ref13, ref14; joint meetings with Central Control Commission, ref15; plenum sanctions attack on Bukharin, ref16, ref17; International Department, ref18; and succession to Stalin, ref19

Central Control Commission: organisation and composition, ref1; Stalin controls, ref2

Charkviani, Kote

Chavchavadze, Ilya,

Chayanov, Alexander

Cheka (Extraordinary Commission for the Struggle with Counterrevolution and Sabotage): formed, ref1; control of, ref2

Chernov, Viktor,

Chervenkov, Valko

Chiang Kai-shek,

Chiaureli, Mikhail

Chicherin, Georgi,

Chichinadze, Zakaria,

Chikobava, Arnold

China: Soviet relations with, ref1; Japan invades, ref2; and Soviet entry into war against Japan, ref3; communists seize power in, ref4, ref5; treaty with USSR (1945), ref6; economic dependence on USSR, ref7; as rival to USSR, ref8; intervention in Korean War, ref9; potential war with USA, ref10; rift with Khrushchëv’s USSR, ref11; Stalin’s posthumous reputation in, ref12

Chinese Communist Party,

Chkheidze, Nikolai,

Chkhenkeli, Akaki

Chou En-lai,

Chukovski, Kornei