Rite of Passage

Skipping the history and development of utilitarianism, the most popular expression of the doctrine is “the greatest good for the greatest number,” which makes it sound like its relative, the economic philosophy communism which, in a sense, is what we live with in the Ship. The common expression of utilitarian good is “the presence of pleasure and the absence of pain.”

Speaking descriptively, utilitarianism doesn’t hold true, though the utilitarian claims that it does. People do act self-destructively at times — they know the pleasureful and choose the painful instead. The only way that what people do and what utilitarianism says they do can be matched is by distorting the ordinary meanings of the words “pleasure” and “pain.” Besides, notions of what is pleasurable are subject to training and manipulation. The standard is too shifting to be a good one.

I don’t like utilitarianism as a prescription, either. Treating pleasure and pain as quantities by which good can be measured seems very mechanical, and people become just another factor to adjust in the equation. Pragmatically, it seems to make sense to say One hundred lives saved at the cost of one?-go ahead! The utilitarian would say it every time — he would have to say it. But who gave him the right to say it? What if the one doesn’t have any choice in the matter, but is blindly sacrificed for, say, one hundred Mudeaters whose very existence he is unaware of? Say the choice was between Daddy or Jimmy and a hundred Mudeaters. I wouldn’t make a utilitarian choice and I don’t think I could be easily convinced that the answer should be made by use of the number of pounds of human flesh involved. People are not objects.

We set down in a great nest of trees in bright morning sunshine. The air was clear and brisk. The season was early summer and things were in bloom. The gravity was enough less than normal that it was noticeable, but not enough less to cause discomfort. We landed in a valley by a quiet river. Our side of the river was gentle with great trees rising from a springy floor, but the other side of the river was a sixty-foot bluff, rough-edged, marked by protrusions of rock, ledges and occasional bits of greenery.

I grabbed up my pack by the straps, slung it over my shoulder and went trooping outside with everybody else, down the ramp and into the sun and the cool air. In my pack were a change of clothes, a change of shoes, manual toothbrush, hairbrush, bedroll, and some odds and ends. We had bubble tents, but we had been told not to bring them. I had a heavy shirt and a light shirt underneath, and since the pocket in the outer shirt was small and the shirt was beginning to be tight through the shoulders and across the breast, I dropped my notebook down my shirt front. It would stay as long as I stayed buttoned and tucked. I squinted as I came into the sun.

The trees stretched serenely upwards as though nothing could ever ruffle their composure, the river moved silently past and then curved away, and the light made patches of light and dark as it cut through the trees, alleys in which dust motes could be seen swimming. The chatter of a bird was the only counterpoint to the noise we made. Most of the kids had never been on a planet before and this was a gentle, pleasant introduction. The wind blew lightly, toying with my hair and sleeve, and died again. The horses were led out after us along with harnesses, ropes and chains.

Mr. Marechal called for us to gather around.

“The first fifteen of you will be with Mr. Pizarro,” he said. “That’s through Mathur. From Morlock on you’ll be with me. We’re going to build cabins today, and tomorrow, toc If it takes that long. Mr. Pizarro thinks that his group can build a cabin faster than my group can. We’re going to see about that.”

That was an obvious sort of appeal, but it sounded like fun, so I didn’t even giggle. Jimmy, Riggy, Robert Briney, that Farmer boy and the Herskovitz boy were all in my group. Venie and Helen and Att were in Mr. Marechal’s group. Jimmy yanked at my sleeve and we followed Mr. Pizarro away from Mr. Marechal to a place of our own. He sat down on a rock and motioned us to take places on the springy ground around him. Mr. Pizarro was a young man with a narrow face and a brushy red moustache.

“All right,” he paid. “What we are going to build is a log cabin, fifteen by twenty feet. We’re going to need about sixty logs. I want all of you kids to get some experience in felling trees, but the boys will do most of it. This is what the cabin will look like.”

He sketched in the dirt with a stick. “This is going to be as good a cabin as we can make in this short a time. We’re going to have floors, and doors and windows. But this isn’t going to be as good a cabin as it might be — any guesses why?”