Mao: The Unknown Story

7 –53 Action aborted: Central Archive 1982a, pp. 43–4, 53, 133. “most despicable”: Maier report, 16 Sept. 1927 in Pak, p. 173. “joke of an uprising”: resolution of emergency meeting on Hunan, late Oct. 1927 in Central Archive 1982a, p. 139. Link with outlaw: CCP Ninggang Committee, p. 81; interview with a local Party historian, 4 Apr. 1996. Wenjiashi meeting: He Changgong, one of the men Mao sought out, CCP Ninggang Committee, pp. 20–2.

8 Lo Jung-huan, p. 10.

9 Mao and troops: JGG vol. 2, pp. 176–7; Chen Shiju, pp.13–23; CCP Ninggang Committee, pp. 28–31; Central Archive 1982a, pp. 133, 161. “single spark”: Mao letter to Lin Biao, 5 Jan. 1930, MRTP vol. 3, p. 237.

10 –54 Deal with outlaws: JGG vol. 2, pp. 90–1. Finale of takeover, eyewitness description: ibid., pp. 93–4. Rally Chinese New Year 1928: JGG vol. 2, pp. 278–9.

11 –55 Contact with Party HQ established: He Changgong, pp. 109–14. Mao expelled from posts: “Political and Disciplinary Resolution,” 14 Nov. 1927, ZZWX vol. 3, pp. 483–4; Li Weihan, pp. 182, 196–9. Shanghai order, 31 Dec. 1927: JGG vol. 1, pp. 64–5. Hunan committee arrested: CCP Hunan Committee, pp. 375–6.

12 –56 Bandit country: visit to Jinggang Mountains, and conversations with locals. Mao told troops: JGG vol. 2, p. 458. One Red soldier recalled: ibid., p. 156.

13 Another described: ibid., p. 489.

14 Mao almost lost army: ibid., pp. 56–8, 168–9, 293. Security measures: ibid., p. 462; interview with a local Party historian, 4 Apr. 1996, and visits to Mao’s houses. Long March houses: interview with a Party historian who had visited all the dwellings, 31 Aug. 1997.

15 Mao houses: visits and interviews with local historians.

16 Sizeable staff: JGG vol. 2, pp. 461–2, 550.

17 –59 Gui-yuan: Wang Xingjuan 1987, pp. 1–47; interviews with a local Party historian, and with Yuan’s relatives, Apr. 1996.

18 –59 Marriage to Mao: ibid. interviews; visit to the site of the wedding banquet. Mao “too old”: interview with close friend Zeng Zhi, 24 Sept. 1994. Gui-yuan chose Mao because: interview with her confidante, 14 Sept. 1997. Avoided appearing together: interview with veteran Xiao Ke, 30 Sept. 1993; Wang Xingjuan 1987, p. 104. Tried to leave Mao: interview with Zeng Zhi; cf. Wang Xingjuan 1987, pp. 105–6.

19 –60 Policy: “kill every single”: “Report about the South Hunan Uprising,” June 1928, ZDJC vol. 14, p. 206; interview with Zeng Zhi; Kuo Hua-lun, vol. 1, p. 290 (E: Kuo, W., vol. 1, p. 383). Razing towns to ground, rebellions against Reds: ZDJC vol. 14, p. 206; Huang Kecheng, pp. 36–7; Zeng Zhi, pp. 52–8; Le Missioni Francescane vol. 6 (1928), p. 150 (letter of Fr. Prandi, eyewitness at Leiyang). “use Red terror”: ZDJC vol. 14, p. 206. “I had suppressed”: JGG vol. 2, p. 454.

20 Mamaev report, 15 Apr. 1930, VKP vol. 3, p. 846.

21 Chrysanthemum Sister: Li Xiangwen, pp. 239–40; photograph of two pages of her will, in Yang Liuqing. 10,60–61 butchered: Kuo, W., vol. 1, p. 384; Kuo Hua-lun, vol. 1, p. 290.

22 –61 GS vol. 4, pp. 793, 772, 761 (in order of quotes); Zhong Yimou, p. 92; Maestrini, p. 146.

23 Moscow stops “aimless and disorderly pogrom”: Titov, vol. 1, p. 198; ZZWX vol. 4, p. 174; JGG vol. 1, p. 105. Mao letter, 2 May 1928: in Jiangxi Archive, pp. 29–30.

24 –62 “over 1,000”: Shanghai inspector, 15 June 1928, in JGG vol. 1, p. 130. Began land redistribution: ibid., pp. 130–1. Mao letter reaches Stalin: VKP vol. 3, n. 1, p. 413. “bandit character”: 6th Congress, Stenograficheskii otchet, Book 5, pp. 12–13. Mao as key leader: ibid. (Chou’s Military Report) and Book 3, p. 70 (Chu Chiu-pai); Titov, vol. 1, pp. 153, 145. Establish Red Army: Chou notes of meeting with Stalin, VKP vol. 3, pp. 426–31. Military training, plans: Mirovitskaya 1975, pp. 57ff; ibid. 1993, pp. 313–15; Krivitsky, pp. 127–36 (counterfeiting).

25 Stalin to Yugoslavs: Dimitrov, 10 Feb. 1948. Demands met in full: Shanghai letter to Mao and Zhu, ZZWX vol. 4, pp. 256–7; Mao 1993b, vol. 1, pp. 256–7.

CHAPTER 6 Subjugating the Red Army Supremo