Mao: The Unknown Story

Michelangelo Antonioni, Sir Leonard Appleyard, Algerian President Abdel Aziz Bouteflika (via intermediary), Herbert Brownell, William Buckley, Romanian ambassador to China Romulus Budura, Barbara Bush, Gen. Henry Byroade (T), Lord (James) Callaghan, Sir Michael Caine, Lord (Peter) Carrington, Henri Cartier-Bresson, Brian Crozier, Helen De Vries, Milovan Djilas, Everett Drumright (T), Nikolai T. Fedorenko (T), Russian ambassador Yuri Fokine, Betty Ford, J. K. Galbraith, Martha Gellhorn, Sergei Goncharov, Anthony Grey, Marshall Green, Prof. Aleksandr Grigoriev, Penny Gummer, Han Suyin, Hon. Alan Hare, Ed Hauck (T), Lord (Michael) Heseltine, John Holdridge, Lord (Douglas) Hurd, Giovanni Jervis, Ismail Kadare, R. N. Kao, Lady Clare Keswick, Henry Keswick, Nancy Kissinger, Ina Krymova, Owen Lattimore, Helmut & Marianne Liebermann (T), North Vietnamese ambassador to France Ho Nam, Mieczyslaw Maneli (T), Prof. Arlen Meliksetov, Sergo Mikoyan (T), Prof. Vladimir Myasnikov, Albanian Premier Fatos Nano, Gen. Paek Sun-yop, Prof. Moisei Persits, Phoumi Vongvichit (via Prof. Grant Evans), Chris Pocock, János Radványi (T), Krishna Rasgotra, Norman Reddaway, Claude Roy, Egyptian Premier Aziz Sidky (T), Prof. Nodari Simoniya, Boris Slavinsky, Sir Nicholas Stern, Viktor Suvorov (T), Viktor Usov, Arkady Vaksberg, Bianca Vidali (T), Lord (William) Waldegrave, George Walden, Sir John and Lady Weston.

ARCHIVES CONSULTED

We regret not being able to name archives consulted in Mainland China.

ALBANIA

Arkivi Qëndror i Shtetit i Republikës së Shqipërisë (Central State Archive of the Republic of Albania) BULGARIA

Tsentralen Durzhaven Arkhiv (Central State Archive) GERMANY

Stiftung Archiv der Parteien and Massenorganisationen der ehemaligen DDR im Bundesarchiv (Foundation for the Archives of the Parties and Mass Organizations of the Former GDR [East Germany] in the Federal Archives) ITALY

Franciscan Order, Curia Generale; Istituto Gramsci; Vincentian Order JAPAN

Japanese Communist Party, Central Committee; Japanese Foreign Ministry, Archives of the Gaiko Shiryokan RUSSIA

Arkhiv Prezidenta Rossiiskoy Federatsii (Archive of the President of the Russian Federation); Arkhiv Vneshney Politiki Rossiiskoy Federatsii (Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation); Rossiiskii Gosudarstvennyi Arkhiv Sotsialno-politicheskoi Istorii (Russian State Archive of Socio-political History) SWITZERLAND

League of Nations Archives, United Nations TAIWAN

Academia Historica; Archive of the Investigation Bureau; Nationalist Party History Archive UK

Archive of the Communist Party of Great Britain; National Archives; Oxford University, Bodleian Library USA

Columbia University, Rare Book and Manuscript Library, New York; Cornell University, Carl A. Kroch Library, Ithaca, NY; Emory University, Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta; Harvard-Yenching Library, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.; Hoover Institution Library, Stanford, California; Library of Congress, Manuscript Division, Washington, D.C.; National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D.C.; Schlesinger Library, Cambridge, Mass.; Syracuse University, George Arents Research Library, Syracuse, NY; University of Washington, Special Collections, Manuscripts and University Archives, Seattle; Lauchlin Currie Papers in the possession of Roger Sandilands.

NOTES

Asterisks indicate written Chinese-language sources, using the pinyin spelling system (with a few exceptions). References to English translations are given in brackets, denoted by “E:.” Abbreviations used in the Notes are given at the start of the Bibliographies.

CHAPTER 1 On the Cusp from Ancient to Modern

1 Found out emperor’s death: Snow 1973, p. 138.

2 –5 Parents: Snow 1973, pp. 130–4; Mao Clan Chronicle; Mao’s father-in-law Yang Chang-chi’s diary, 5 Apr. 1915, in Mao 1990, p. 636 (E: MRTP vol. 2, p. 60); Li Xiangwen, pp. 25–51; Zhao Zhichao, pp. 273–4; visit to Shaoshan and conversations with locals.

3 Name preordained in 18th century: Mao Clan Chronicle.

4 “Boy of Stone”: Li Xiangwen, p. 51. Mao about his mother: Snow 1973, p. 132; Shi Zhe 1992, p. 180; Yan Changlin, p. 321. Carefree childhood: Mao letter to a cousin, 27 Nov. 1937, in Mao 1984, pp. 114–15; Zhao Zhichao, pp. 271–81; Yan Changlin, pp. 320–1.

5 –6 Did well in Confucian classics: Li Rui 1992, pp. 1–3. Clashes with tutors: Snow 1973, pp. 131ff; Zhao Zhichao, pp. 103–12, 122–3.

6 “jet-plane” father: Mao to Red Guard leaders, 28 July 1968, in IIR, p. 546 (E: Mao Miscellany vol. 2, p. 496).

7 Rows with father: Snow 1973, pp. 132–3; Shi Zhe 1992, p. 182.