Last Gasp

THE LAST GASP

TREVOR HOYLE

Copyright (c) 1983 by TREVOR HOYLE

For David and Sue Richards What friends are for

Acknowledgments

I should like to thank the following people and organizations for their invaluable advice and assistance in the research for this book:

Dr. Leslie F. Musk and Dr. David Tout, Geography Department, University of Manchester; Dr. E. Bellinger, Pollution Research Unit, University of Manchester; Dr. F. W. Ratcliffe, librarian and director of the John Rylands University Library of Manchester. Special thanks to Dr. Phillip Williamson, then of the Wellcomt Marine Laboratory, Robin Hood's Bay, Yorkshire, for hours of fruitful and enlightening discussion.

The following publications and research papers were extremely useful: Climate Monitor, issued by the Centre for Climatic Research, University of East Anglia; World Meteorological Organisation Bulletin; Yearbook of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, San Diego, California; "National Climate Program" in Oceanus, vol. 21, no. 4; "Continuous Plankton Records: Changes in the Composition and Abundance of the Phytoplankton of the North-Eastern Atlantic Ocean and North Sea, 1958-1974" by P. C. Reid of the Institute for Marine Environmental Research, Plymouth, in Marine Biology.

Of many other useful sources of information, I should like to acknowledge the following: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S.; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, U.S.; P. P. Shir-shov Institute of Oceanology, Academy of Sciences of USSR, Moscow; Scottish Marine Biological Association, Argyll, Scotland; Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Huntingdon, U.K.; Natural Environmental Research Council, Swindon, U.K.; Marine Biological Association of U.K.;

World Meteorological Organization (an agency of the UN); World Climate Research Program (joint venture of the WMO and the International Council of Scientific Unions); World Climate Conference held in Geneva, 1979; Global Weather Experiment; POLYMODE. the Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment, U.S. and USSR; NORPAX: the North Pacific Experiment; CLIMAP: Climate and Long-Range Investigation Mapping and Prediction; National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado; World Oceanographic Data Center, Washington, D.C.; U.S. Council on Environmental Quality; Interagency Coordinating Committee of Atmospheric Sciences, U.S.; International Conference on the Environmental Future (Iceland, 1977).

As reference sources, I made use of the following: Population, Resources, Environment, Paul R. Ehrlich and Anne H. Ehrlich (Freeman, 1970); Planet Earth (Aldus Books, 1975); Journal of Environmental Management; Environmental Pollution; Science; New Scientist; Only One Earth, Barbara Ward and Rene Dubos (Andre Deutsch, 1972); The Closing Circle, Barry Commoner (Jonathan Cape, 1972); Pollute and Be Damned, Arthur Bourne (J. M. Dent, 1972); The Doomsday Book, Gordon Rattray Taylor (Thames & Hudson, 1970); The Ultimate Experiment: Man-Made Evolution, Nicholas Wade (Walker & Company, 1977); Colonies in Space, T. A. Heppenheimer (Stackpole Books, 1977).

And finally--last but certainly not least--I should like to record my appreciation of Nick Austin, who five years ago over a bottle of Chivas Regal gently dropped the idea into my mind and waited for something to happen.

All progress is based upon a universal innate desire on the part of every organism to live beyond its income.

EDMUND BURKE

. . . Let us strike the keynote, Coketown, before pursuing our tune.