Jerusalem: The Biography

al-Qaeda, 447

Alter family, 486n

Alypius, 150

Amaury, King of Jerusalem, 237–43, 249, 256n, 265

Amaury of Lusignan, King of Cyprus, 165n

Amel-Marduk, King of Babylon, 45–6

al-Amer, Field Marshal Abdel-Hakim, 492–5, 492, 495

American Colony, 365–6, 408n, 417–18, 473, 488, 496, 506

American evangelists, 336–9

Amman, 475, 478, 485, 487, 493

Ammunition Hill, 496

Amnon, 23–4, 56n

Amr ibn al-As, 173, 177, 179n

Amra, 185

Amsterdam, 302

Anabaptists, 297

Ananias, 70n

Ananus, 119, 123–5

Anatolia, 55, 209, 234, 277, 284, 396, 405n

Andrew, Princess, of Greece, 454n

Andrews, Lewis, 449

Andronikos Komnenos, Emperor, 238

Anglo-American Commission, 464

Angola, 382n

Anilaeus, 101n

Ankara, 459n

Annas (high priest), 103–4, 119, 124

St Anne’s church and monastery, 217, 228, 255n, 286, 348, 397

Ansari family, 519

Sheikh Abd al-Salam al-Ansari, 213

Adeb al-Ansari, 519

Sheikh Khalil al-Ansari, 391

Antebi, Albert, 384

Antigonos, ‘One-Eyed’, King, 54

Antigonos, King, 75–8, 88n

Antinopolis, 135

Antinous, 134–5

Antipater, 71–2, 74–5, 88–90, 92–3

Antioch, 60–1, 63, 65, 67, 118, 123–4, 144, 161, 277

and Crusaders, 204, 209–10, 215, 217, 219, 223–4, 234, 236, 238, 256

Antiochus III the Great, King, 57–8, 60

Antiochus IV Epiphanes, King, 60–5, 72, 91n, 106n, 135

Antiochus VII Sidetes, King, 68

anti-Semitism (the word), 368n

Antonia, 111, 114

Antonia fortress, 1, 4, 6, 78, 82–4, 86, 90, 101, 106n, 118, 120, 122, 134, 179, 344n

Antoninus Pius, Emperor, 138, 184n

Antonius Felix, see Felix

Antonius, George, 443, 445, 447, 464

Antonius, Katy, 443, 464–7, 469–70, 488

Apocalypse, xix, 4, 44, 62, 86n, 132, 165, 170, 187, 197

Jesus Christ and, 97–8, 102–3, 106

Appian, 133, 136

Aqaba, 407–8, 419, 425

Aquileia, 89

al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade

al-Aqsa Mosque, 184–5, 187–8, 200, 395, 485

and Arab Revolt, 448

and Buraq Uprising, 437–8

and Crusaders (Temple of Solomon), 212–13, 217, 219, 221, 227, 229, 235, 269–70

daily rituals, 519–20

fire, 502

and Israeli war, 477

and King Abdullah’s assassination, 481–2

and Mamluk sultanate, 276, 280, 287

and Marwan Mosque, 506

negotiations and access, 502–3, 506–7, 510, 513, 516

Nur al-Din’s minbar, 237, 254, 269, 502

and Ottoman sultanate, 291–2, 299n, 304–5

and Six Day War, 495

Arab Club, 422

Arab Higher Committee, 467–8, 473

Arab Investigation Centres, 450

Arab League, 469, 471, 477, 481, 504

Arab Legion, 279n, 454, 472, 477–9, 484–6

Arab Liberation Army, 469, 478

Arab Revolt, 402–9, 415, 443n, 478, 482

under Grand Mufti, 448–54, 459, 463

Arabic learning and science, 190n, 203n

Arafat, Yasser, 469, 477, 491, 503–10, 515, 517, 518n

Aram-Damascus, 33

Araq e-Emir, 62n

Araunah the Jebusite, 24, 27n

archaeology, 354–6, 390, 393, 502, 504, 509, 511n

Arculf, Bishop, 179

Arda, Queen of Jerusalem, 217

Aref, Abdel-Rahman, President, 494

Aretas, King of Nabataea, 71

Aretas IV, King of Nabataea, 95, 98

Argentina, 376, 382, 485

Argyll, John Campbell, 9th Duke of, 354

Aristobulos, King, 69

Aristobulos II, King, 70–2, 76n

Aristobulos, Prince, 88, 95–6, 111

Aristotle, 190n

Arius, 144–5, 148

Ark of the Covenant, 7, 17–18, 22, 24, 27, 44, 157n, 376

and Parker fiasco, 389–93

Armageddon, 41

Armenia, 81, 96n, 131n, 156n, 163–4, 405n

Armenian Chapel of St Helena, 140n

Armenian Monastery, 287n, 324, 352n, 496

Armenian Quarter, 103n, 119n, 132, 285, 497, 510

Armenians, 255, 285, 287n, 296, 352n, 359, 415, 518–19

genocide, 398, 400, 408, 416n

and religious conflict, 298–9, 320, 348, 488

Arnold, Bishop of Bamberg, 201

Arnulf, Patriarch, 214

Arp Arslan, Sultan, 201–3

Arsuf, 259

Artas, 399

Artaxerxes I, King of Persia, 51, 337n

Arthur, King, 65n

Ashdod, 65

Asherah, 38

Ashkelon, 18, 56, 67, 214, 220, 236, 238, 243, 249, 255, 260

Ashkenaz, 298

Ashkenazi Jews, 20, 191n, 298, 308, 330, 443

Ashraf, 180n

Ashrafiyya madrassa, 287

Asinaeus, 101n

Asmahan, 457–9

Asquith, Herbert, 1st Earl of Asquith and Oxford 411, 413

Assassins, 203n, 260n

Assyrians, 31, 33–9, 48

Astyges, King of Media, 47

Athaliah, Queen of Jerusalem, 31–2, 233n

Athens, 60, 150

Atlas mountains, 57n

al-Atrash, Amal, see ‘Asmahan’

Atsiz ibn Awak al-Khwarazmi, 202–3

Attila the Hun, 157

Attlee, Clement, 1st Earl, 462, 464, 467

Augusta Victoria fortress, 379n, 390, 395, 408, 417, 431, 433, 479, 484n, 496

Augustus, Emperor (Octavian), 75, 77, 81–4, 88–90, 92–3, 113, 133, 160

Auschwitz, 408n, 487

Austin, Willie, 322

Australians, 421, 456–7

Austrian Hospice, 356, 429, 485

Avars, 164

Avigad, Nahman, 106n, 159n

Azekah, 42n

Azerbaijan, 163

Aziz, Caliph, 194, 197

Aziz, Sultan, 264

Azizus, King of Emesa, 116

Azmey Pasha, 390

Azouri, Najib, 385

Baal, 31–3, 38, 39n

Baal Shem Tov, 359n

Bab al-Qattanin, see Gate of the Cotton Merchants

Bab al-Silsila, see Gate of the Chain

Bab el-Ghawanmeh, 519

Babylon, 14, 22, 27n, 35–6, 39, 41–3, 44n, 45–7, 49, 54, 57n, 60, 101n, 370, 501

Babylonian Chronicles, 39

Babylonians, 1, 34n, 39, 41–6, 48

Baedeker, Karl, 358, 360, 385

Baghdad, 172n, 188, 193–5, 202, 203n, 207n, 215, 272, 282, 449

Jewish population, 48n, 240n, 352n

and Ottoman sultanate, 291–2

Bahat, Dan, 506n

Baibars, Sultan, 271–2, 275–7, 292n, 361

Bairam Pasha, 297

Bakaa, 443

al-Baladhuri, 172n

Balak, 220

Balaklava Railway, 348