Riley, J. C. 2005. Estimates of regional and global life expectancy, 1800–2001. Population and Development Review, 31, 537–43.
Rindermann, H. 2008. Relevance of education and intelligence for the political development of nations: Democracy, rule of law and political liberty. Intelligence, 36, 306–22.
Rindermann, H. 2012. Intellectual classes, technological progress and economic development: The rise of cognitive capitalism. Personality and Individual Differences, 53, 108–13.
Risso, M. I. 2014. Intentional homicides in São Paulo city: A new perspective. Stability: International Journal of Security & Development, 3, art. 19.
Ritchie, H., & Roser, M. 2017. CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/co2-and-other-greenhouse-gas-emissions/.
Ritchie, S. 2015. Intelligence: All that matters. London: Hodder & Stoughton.
Ritchie, S., Bates, T. C., & Deary, I. J. 2015. Is education associated with improvements in general cognitive ability, or in specific skills? Developmental Psychology, 51, 573–82.
Rizvi, A. A. 2017. The atheist Muslim: A journey from religion to reason. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Robinson, F. R. 2009. The case for rational optimism. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
Robinson, J. 2013. Americans less rushed but no happier: 1965–2010 trends in subjective time and happiness. Social Indicators Research, 113, 1091–1104.
Robock, A., & Toon, O. B. 2012. Self-assured destruction: The climate impacts of nuclear war. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 68, 66–74.
Romer, P. 2016. Conditional optimism about progress and climate. Paul Romer.net. https://paulromer.net/conditional-optimism-about-progress-and-climate/.
Romer, P., & Nelson, R. R. 1996. Science, economic growth, and public policy. In B. L. R. Smith & C. E. Barfield, eds., Technology, R&D, and the economy. Washington: Brookings Institution.
Roos, J. M. 2012. Measuring science or religion? A measurement analysis of the National Science Foundation sponsored Science Literacy Scale, 2006–2010. Public Understanding of Science, 23, 797–813.
Ropeik, D., & Gray, G. 2002. Risk: A practical guide for deciding what’s really safe and what’s really dangerous in the world around you. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Rose, S. J. 2016. The growing size and incomes of the upper middle class. Washington: Urban Institute.
Rosen, J. 2016. Here’s how the world could end—and what we can do about it. Science. http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/07/here-s-how-world-could-end-and-what-we-can-do-about-it.
Rosenberg, N., & Birdzell, L. E., Jr. 1986. How the West grew rich: The economic transformation of the industrial world. New York: Basic Books.
Rosenthal, B. G. 2002. New myth, new world: From Nietzsche to Stalinism. College Station: Penn State University Press.
Roser, M. 2016a. Child mortality. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/child-mortality/.
Roser, M. 2016b. Democracy. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/democracy/.
Roser, M. 2016c. Economic growth. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/economic-growth/.
Roser, M. 2016d. Food per person. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/food-per-person/.
Roser, M. 2016e. Food prices. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/food-prices/.
Roser, M. 2016f. Forest cover. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/forest-cover/.
Roser, M. 2016g. Global economic inequality. Our World In Data. https://ourworldindata.org/global-economic-inequality/.
Roser, M. 2016h. Human Development Index (HDI). Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/human-development-index/.
Roser, M. 2016i. Human rights. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/human-rights/.
Roser, M. 2016j. Hunger and undernourishment. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/hunger-and-undernourishment/.
Roser, M. 2016k. Income inequality. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/income-inequality/.
Roser, M. 2016l. Indoor air pollution. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/indoor-air-pollution/.